Demonstrative Pronouns

Invariable Demonstrative Pronouns

The invariable demonstrative pronouns are just three: isto, isso, aquilo. They are used to identify or inquire about something and do not apply to people. These can only be used as pronouns and always maintain their form, regardless of the gender or number of the object they are referring to.

Isto ➡ the object is near the speaker

• O que é isto? (What is this?)
• Isto são flores. (These are flowers)

Isso ➡ the object is near the listener

• 👩 Isso é a prenda para a minha mãe. (That is the gift for my mum.)
• 🎄 Isso são as prendas de Natal. (Those are the Christmas gifts.)

Aquilo ➡ the object is far from both the speaker and the listener

• 🏫 Aquilo ali é uma escola.(That over there is a school.)
• Aquilo são amendoeiras. (Those are almond trees.)

They are frequently accompanied by adverbs of place: aqui (here), aí (there, close to you) and ali (over there).